人体肠道内有1200多种细菌,数量有几十万亿个。其中有对人体有益的,也有对人体有害的。人类婴儿出生前都是生活在无菌的环境中的,顺产或者母乳喂养都可以把细菌传递下去。在人体中,有益细菌的比例大概是90%,而随着我们慢慢长大,接触到外部环境之后,有害细菌的比例就会逐步增加。
无论是有益细菌还是有害细菌,在我们的身体内经常打成一片,激烈的竞争着也只是为了生存而已。他们在我们身体内怎样竞争我们的肉眼是看不见的。只要我们的身体健康,就无需过分注意他们。但是如果影响到了人体,比如说肚子变大,肠道不通畅,营养不吸收,那也许就需要人为的干预一下了。就需要补充对宿主能发挥有益作用的正常菌群,也就是益生菌,益生菌可以改善肠道菌群,让益菌更多。选择益生菌有几个标准:
第一:活菌:如果要参加“战斗“,这一点非常重要。要不然遇到害菌,难道指望把对方吓死吗?
第二:铠甲:大部分的益菌士兵,是要抵达主战场,也就是人体的肠道内才能发挥作用。而在路上会有一个严峻的考验,也就是经过我们的胃部,具体来说就是要面对来自胃酸的挑战,所以需要有铠甲,也就是冻干或者包埋技术才能顺利的抵达主战场。
第三:名称、编号:也就是需要认证过的正规“士兵“, 否则去了战场根本打不过害菌。甚至有可能“叛变”变成害菌。
第四:数量:这是一场几十万亿数量级的战役;没有几十亿、几百亿的数量也是没有影响力的。
第五:补给:这是一场持久战,一般需要几周的时间才能取得优势站住脚。为了巩固好胜利成果,所以需要每天补充新的益生菌进行积累,并且要给益生菌们提供足够的食物也就是益生元。
市面上的益生菌有很多种。各有各的优势。只要符合上述几个标准都没问题。
泡菜的功效:改善肠道菌群
泡菜内含有多种维生素、矿物质和纤维,有利于保持肠道健康。
中国东北酸菜,德国酸菜,韩国辣白菜,等发酵食品已经存在了数百年了。在以前,人们腌制这些蔬菜的目的是为了能在漫长的冬天吃吃上蔬菜,补充营养。而现今,泡菜却变成了我们餐桌上流行的美食。那么这些发酵类食物对我们的人体健康有好处吗?
有助于肠道功能良好
泡菜富含乳酸菌,经常食用泡菜对肠道环境有益。导致良好的排泄,而且这有助于清除体内的废物,让我们的皮肤明亮 还可以帮助减少脂肪的堆积。它还使身体更强壮,因为 60-70% 的免疫细胞是由肠道组成的。
有助于增强能量代谢系统的功能
泡菜中含有丰富的维生素b1和b2,维生素b1在碳水化合物代谢中起重要作用,维生素b2在促进脂肪代谢中起重要作用。从而有助于轻松预防肥胖。
有助于放松
泡菜富含 GABA,有助于身体放松。它可以减轻压力,还可以帮助您睡得更好。
生物学家研究后发现,改善肠道菌群的一种方法就是经常食用富含益生元和益生菌的食物。韩国辣白菜是富含维生素k、维生素b2,以及大量的可以经受住胃酸考验的乳酸杆菌。在科学家展开实验对比之后发现,发酵后的泡菜可以显著降低血压,提高胰岛素敏感性,这表明了发酵泡菜种的乳酸杆菌发挥了作用。
和中国东北的酸菜类似,德国酸菜的主要原材料是卷心菜,这种食品据研究发现最初可能来自于2000多年前的亚洲。德国酸菜也富含维生素,纤维和一些矿物质,热量低,并且可以改善肠道菌群。
食用泡菜时请注意:
要循序渐进,不要一次吃太多。我们的肠道需要一段时间来适应外来菌群。一次性食用太多会突然将大量微生物带入体内,导致肠胃不适,腹胀等不良反应。
另一方面,无论是水泡还是干渍,腌渍蔬菜过程中都会用到很多盐,这会导致大量的盐摄入,而长期的高盐饮食可能破坏胃黏膜的保护层。
参考资料:网络
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