接上期，一起來研讀林紓（1852-1924）與魏易（1880-1930）合譯的《吟邊燕語》，重溫家喻戶曉的《哈姆雷特》故事。
劇情回顧：
哈姆雷特王子見到其父王的靈魂。父魂揭露其真實死因，說弟弟克老丟趁他在花園裡熟睡，偷偷來到他身旁，將有毒的天仙子汁灌入他耳中。隨後，父親命令哈姆雷特為他報仇。
本期講述：
哈姆雷特為驗證鬼魂的話是否準確，請戲班在國王克老丟面前演一齣謀殺篡位的戲，劇情與鬼魂所言極其相似，觀察克老丟看到此戲時的反應。克老丟果然神色不安，倉皇離開劇院。哈姆雷特由此確認，殺害其父、謀權篡位的凶手就是克老丟。
以下英文摘自英國散文家瑪麗·蘭姆（Mary Lamb）和查爾斯·蘭姆（Charles Lamb）姐弟的《莎士比亞戲劇故事集》（Tales from Shakespeare），文言譯文摘自1906年商務印書館出版的《吟邊燕語》第66至67頁，讓我們一起向晚清文豪林紓學習古文寫作。我會對部分字詞注釋，或評點部分語句，儘量詳細解釋。
英文：
And he determined that these players should play something like the murder of his father before his uncle, and he would watch narrowly what effect it might have upon him, and from his looks he would be able to gather with more certainty if he were the murderer or not. To this effect he ordered a play to be prepared, to the representation of which he invited the king and queen.
這段講的是：哈姆雷特決定請演員在他叔叔克老丟面前演一齣戲，劇情類似他父親被謀殺的過程。他將仔細觀察這齣戲對叔叔產生什麼影響，從他的神情，可以更準確地判斷他究竟是不是凶手。為此，哈姆雷特編排了一齣戲，邀請國王和王后觀看。
林紓譯文：
「試令其入王宮，驗王與后之情偽，乃自編一闋，與克老丟圖王事相仿彿者。」
闋是量詞，計算歌、詞、曲、戲。例句如《史記·項羽本紀》：「歌數闋，美人和之。」
英文：
The story of the play was of a murder done in Vienna upon a duke. The duke’s name was Gonzago, his wife Baptista. The play showed how one Lucianus, a near relation to the duke, poisoned him in his garden for his estate, and how the murderer in a short time after got the love of Gonzago’s wife.
At the representation of this play, the king, who did not know the trap which was laid for him, was present, with his queen and the whole court: Hamlet sitting attentively near him to observe his looks. The play began with a conversation between Gonzago and his wife, in which the lady made many protestations of love, and of never marrying a second husband, if she should outlive Gonzago; wishing she might be accursed if she ever took a second husband, and adding that no woman did so, but those wicked women who kill their first husbands. Hamlet observed the king his uncle change colour at this expression, and that it was as bad as wormwood both to him and to the queen. But when Lucianus, according to the story, came to poison Gonzago sleeping in the garden, the strong resemblance which it bore to his own wicked act upon the late king, his brother, whom he had poisoned in his garden, so struck upon the conscience of this usurper, that he was unable to sit out the rest of the play, but on a sudden calling for lights to his chamber, and affecting or partly feeling a sudden sickness, he abruptly left the theatre.
attentively：專心地。
protestation：鄭重聲明。
outlive：比…活得久。
wormwood：苦艾，苦惱。
the strong resemblance which it bore to his own wicked act：這與他的惡行極為相似。各位可以記一個搭配：bear a resemblance to，意思是「與某人或某事物相似」，相當於be similar to。
conscience：良心，良知。
usurper：篡位者。
chamber：房間，臥室，寢室。
affect：此處意為假裝。
abruptly：突然，意外地，唐突地。
哈姆雷特編排的故事是一起發生在維也納的謀殺案，受害者是一位公爵，名叫貢薩古。他的妻子名叫拔鐵司塔。
羅西愛納司是公爵的近親，為奪取公爵的領地，在花園裡將他毒死。這個凶手不久後又獲得了貢薩古之妻的芳心。
觀看這齣戲時，國王克老丟不知這是哈姆雷特為他設下的圈套。哈姆雷特坐在國王附近，專心觀察他的神情。
戲劇開演，貢薩古與其妻子展開一段對話。這位夫人多次表明自己對丈夫的深愛，並聲稱假使自己比貢薩古活得更久，也絕不會再嫁。她甚至發誓，倘若自己真的改嫁，便應遭受詛咒；又補充說，只有殺害第一任丈夫的邪惡女人才會改嫁。
哈姆雷特發現，當聽到這番話時，他的叔叔（國王）臉色變了。這番話對國王和王后而言，都如同苦艾一般，難以忍受。
之後戲劇演到羅西愛納司走到花園裡，趁貢薩古熟睡時向他下毒，這一幕與篡位者克老丟對已故國王犯下的惡行極為相似，他也是在花園裡將兄長毒死。這種高度相似衝擊著他的良知，心虛到坐不住了，無法看完剩餘的戲。他突然下令點燈，準備返回寢宮，並裝出突然身體不適的樣子，匆匆離開劇場。
如何精簡以上內容，並用文言文概述？請看林紓的譯文：
「蓋狀維也納公爵貢薩古與其妃拔鐵司塔事。王有弟曰羅西愛納司，在園次謀公，因娶其妃。王臨燕聞歌，不審太子之圖。太子隅坐，默觀王之詞色。時俳優初演貢薩古與拔鐵司塔坐談，妃告公爵，言公千秋後，余誓不更適，情愫甚懋密可喜。克老丟及杰德魯聞之，顏色頓變。迨演至羅西愛納司進藥情事，適與克老丟吻合。克老丟怏怏不復奈，遂命侍者以燈導入寢室臥。」
狀：此處為動詞，意即陳述、描寫。
園次：即園內、園中。次有中的意思，例如《莊子·田子方》曰：「喜怒哀樂不入于胸次。」胸次即胸中、心裡。
謀：暗中算計、陷害。例句如《三國志·呂布臧洪傳》：「卓自以遇人無禮，恐人謀己。」表述算計、謀害某人，用「謀」一個單字即可。
燕：通「宴」，宴會。
隅坐：坐在旁邊。隅可表示「旁」，如〈隴西行〉曰：「桂樹夾道生，青龍對道隅。」道隅即道旁。
俳優：演戲的人。
千秋：對死亡的委婉表述。例句如《戰國策·燕策二》：「太后千秋之後。」
更適：改嫁。適作動詞時可表示嫁，例句如歐陽修〈江鄰幾墓誌銘〉：「女三人，長適祕書丞蕃蹭。」
懋：盛大。
怏怏不復奈：心情不好，不能再承受得住。奈表示耐，例句如《太平廣記》卷237：「稍過度，則熇蒸之氣不可奈。」
看到叔叔克老丟的反應如此劇烈，明顯是犯罪者才會有的心虛與不安，哈姆雷特此時確定，叔叔就是殺父仇人。蘭姆寫道：「The king being departed, the play was given over. Now Hamlet had seen enough to be satisfied that the words of the ghost were true, and no illusion」； 「now he was certainly informed that his uncle was his father’s murderer」。
林紓譯文：
「俳優演竟，太子知克老丟謀王碻也。」
演竟：演出結束，即the play was given over，戲被停止了。
碻：同「確」，真實、確實。
後來，哈姆雷特闖了個大禍。他將遭遇怎樣的危險呢？如何用文言文講述？請看下期。
