自由之家周三(4日)公布最新全球自由度评估报告,指全球自由度连续第14年恶化,尤其是在中国,审查和监控达到“新极端”,宗教及少数民族迫害加剧。而台湾则以93分继续名列自由国家,在亚洲仅次日本。
综合媒体报道,人权组织自由之家(Freedom House)周三发布“2020年全球自由度调查报告”(Freedom in the World 2020),该报告调查了全球210个国家和地区的政治权利和公民自由。
台湾在“政治权利”获得37分,“公民自由”获得56分,以总分93分续列自由国家。台湾在亚洲地区仅次于96分的日本,排名第2。亚洲其他较高分的有韩国83分、蒙古84分。
2019年香港的逃犯条例争议,导致香港公民的自由受到侵蚀,并爆发激烈抗议活动,因此评分较去年减少4分,以总分55分被列入“部分自由”。
中国则再度被列为“最不自由国家”,是表现最差的15个国家之一。中国的全球自由指数得分为10分,在两个评分项目“公民自由”及“政治权利”中的分数分别为11分和负1分。
报告直言,中共利用人脸识别等高科技大数据进行监控及迫害少数民族及宗教异议人士的情况日益严重。同时还提及中共当局的网络封锁,报告称,2019年中国政府继续收紧对媒体和言论的控制,网络编辑及人权律师等遭到拘捕和审判,外国非政府组织受到更严密的监控。
报告批评说,中国的独立学术空间也在不断缩紧,因表达批评中国政府的观点,教授及学生面临学术文章被审查、降职、拘捕或监禁。
自由之家指出,全球自由已经连续第14年出现恶化。在2019年,自由度下滑的国家比上升的国家多了近2倍。
自由之家还表示,2019年许多地方都爆发大规模抗议活动,突显民众普遍对基本自由和政治安定的渴望。但遗憾的是,这些运动经常触动根深蒂固的利益,到目前为止,仍未能对全球自由带来重大改善。
据悉,自由之家是获美国官方资助的非政府组织(NGO),总部位于华盛顿特区,该组织致力于民主、政治自由及人权的研究和支持,最知名的就是针对各国民主自由程度的年度自由度调查报告,该报告被用于政治科学的研究。
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